Dil Ve Konuşma Terapisi Bölümü Koleksiyonu

How Parental Reactions Differ Toward Early Stuttering: A Turkish Validation Study of the Responses to Speech Disfluency Scale

2023-08-07T11:54:52Z

How Parental Reactions Differ Toward Early Stuttering: A Turkish Validation Study of the Responses to Speech Disfluency Scale Yaşar, Özlem; Özdemir, Şevket Objective: The identification of parental reactions toward stuttering is significant in the assessment and intervention process of fluency disorders. Despite a growing body of research including parents of children who stutter, there is still a lack of instruments that assess parental reactions. This study aims to adapt the Responses to Speech Disfluency Scale into Turkish to make it available for use among clinicians including speech and language therapists, psychiatrists, and allied health professionals working with children who stutter. Methods: The sample included 49 mothers and 51 fathers (100 in total) who had children who stutter. The mean age values of mothers and fathers were 35.14 (standard deviation = 5.33) and 38.64 (standard deviation = 5.50) years, and their children who stutter were 67.46 months (standard deviation = 16.91). In the adaptation process of Responses to Speech Disfluency Scale, various validity and reliability analyses were conducted. The data were analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: The findings showed that the reactions in the emotional domain were significantly greater among mothers than fathers (P < .05). There was a positive and significant correlation between domain and total scale scores (P < .001 for all domains). The Cronbach alpha and test–retest reliability values of the total scale demonstrated excellent reliability. Conclusion: The psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the scale show that it is linguistically and culturally appropriate to be used within clinical practice.

Does Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep Adversely Affect Language in Self-Limiting Focal Epilepsies of Childhood

2023-03-20T13:54:54Z

Does Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep Adversely Affect Language in Self-Limiting Focal Epilepsies of Childhood Savaş, Merve; Tunçer, Aylin Müge; Çelik, İlayda; Yaşgüçlükal, Miray Atacan; Demirbilek, Ahmet Veysi; Çakar, Ayşe Özlem Introduction: The electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) accompanies a wide spectrum of focal and generalized epilepsies, which manifest with cognitive-linguistic regression. Both ESES and language impairment can be seen in self-limited focal epileptic syndromes of childhood (SFEC). The association between the presence of ESES pattern on the EEG and the severity of the language impairment has not been adequately clarified. Methods: Twenty-eight SFEC cases without intellectual and motor disabilities and 32 healthy children were recruited. Cases with active ESES (A-ESES, n=6) and without ESES pattern on EEG (non-ESES, n=22) were compared in terms of clinical features and linguistic parameters by both standard and descriptive assessment tools. Results: The only significantly different clinical feature in the A-ESES group was the increased prevalence of polytherapy. While most of the linguistic parameters were impaired in A-ESES and non-ESES groups compared to healthy controls, A-ESES patients differed from non-ESES patients only in terms of decreased complex sentence production, which was assessed by narrative analysis. A-ESES patients also showed trends toward producing lower numbers of words, nouns, verbs, and adverbs during narrative analysis. There were no differences among patients under polytherapy and monotherapy in terms of these language parameters. Conclusion: Our results show that ESES increases the negative effect of chronic epilepsy on complex sentence and word production. Linguistic distortions that are not reflected in objective tests can be detected by narrative tools. Complex syntactic production obtained by narrative analysis is an important parameter that extensively characterizes language skills in school-age children with epilepsy.

The Japanese adaptation and validation of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S)

2022-04-11T08:04:42Z

The Japanese adaptation and validation of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) Özdemir, Şevket; Baloğlu, Mustafa; Şahin, Rukiye There exists a significant need of screening, measuring, and assessing phobic reactions to the negative effects and consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across the world. For this purpose, the C19P-S has been developed and adapted to several languages and cultures including Turkish, Russian, Arabic, English, Korean, and soforth. This study aimed to adapt the scale into Japanese. Convenience sampling was used in the recruitment of the participants. The sample involved 310 Japanese-speaking natives from different prefectures of the country (Mean(AGE) = 49.97; SD = 13.07). The scale is a self-report instrument, which includes 20, 5-point Likert-type items. The scale assesses the levels of COVID-19 phobia in four areas: Psychological, Somatic, Economic, and Social. The validity (content, construct, convergent, and discriminant) and reliability (internal consistency) analyses were conducted. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used for group comparisons. MANOVA results show that women scored statistically higher in the psychological area. Furthermore, the participants with a lower educational level scored higher than those with a higher level in the somatic area. Among other scales measuring fear and anxiety, the C19P-S Japanese (C19P-SJ) is the first measurement tool specifically designed and adapted for evaluating coronaphobia. It is suggested that the individuals with psychiatric diagnoses be included to measure and support the construct validity of the scale.

Absence of evidence for underspecification in prenominal relative clause attachment

2022-03-18T13:36:58Z

Absence of evidence for underspecification in prenominal relative clause attachment Logačev, Pavel; Aydın, Özgür; Tuncer, Aylin Müge Relative clauses with ambiguous attachment are sometimes processed faster than their unambiguous counterparts. Two broad classes of theories account for this phenomenon: Race-based models posit that ambiguous sentences are read faster due to a "race" between several permissible analyses of the sentence. In contrast, the strategic underspecification account maintains that, under the right conditions, readers underspecify ambiguities in order to save time. We argue that the two accounts make qualitatively different predictions for structures with pre-nominal relative clauses, such as in Turkish. While the underspecification account predicts an ambiguity advantage in Turkish, race-based accounts predict the absence of such an effect. We present data from two reading experiments in Turkish (N=39 and N=184) in which we find no evidence for a substantial ambiguity advantage in the processing of ambiguous sentences with prenominal relative clauses and argue that this finding poses a major challenge for the strategic underspecification account.