https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/193 Sat, 04 Apr 2026 06:46:40 GMT 2026-04-04T06:46:40Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10255 Duygusal Yeme: Değerlendirme Yöntemleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme Sapmaz Yurtsever, Seda; Tekinsav Sütcü, Serap Duygusal yeme, olumsuz ve rahatsız edici duygu ve deneyimlerin etkisini zayıflatmak amacıyla sergilenen yeme davranışı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Olumsuz duygularla teması kesmek için yiyeceğin kullanılması uyumsuz bir baş etme yöntemi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Beraberinde kilo yönetimini zorlaştırması, işlevsiz bir baş etme stratejisi olarak ek sorunlara yol açması gibi nedenlerle bu örüntünün nasıl ortaya çıktığı, kimler için risk oluşturduğu, kimlerde nasıl ve hangi düzeyde gözlendiğinin saptanması birçok çalışmanın odağı olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, duygusal yemenin belirlenmesi için alanyazında ortak kabul edilmiş bir değerlendirme aracının ve bir ölçüt puanın olmaması, araştırmalarda farklı yöntemlerin izlenmesine yol açmıştır. Farklı yöntemlerin kullanılması ise olumsuz duyguların yiyecek tüketimi üzerindeki etkisini tutarlı bir şekilde ortaya koymayı güçleştirmiştir. Duygusal yemenin görgül çalışmalarla tutarlı bir şekilde desteklenememiş olması söz konusu olgunun varlığına ve duygusal yemeyi değerlendirme ölçümlerine ilişkin kuşkuları gündeme getirmiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, duygusal yemeyi belirlemede kullanılan yöntemlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, alanyazında kullanılan yöntemler tanıtılmış, araştırma sonuçları gözden geçirilerek yöntemlerin birbirlerine karşı avantaj ve dezavantajları ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak, duygusal yemenin belirlenmesinde kullanılan her bir yöntemin kendi içerisinde farklı sınırlılıklar gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Bu sınırlıklar nedeniyle, duygusal yeme değerlendirmeleri bir şekilde hataya açık görünmektedir. Duygusal yemenin değerlendirilmesinde tek bir yöntemin geçerliliğinin kabulünden ziyade her bir yöntemde birçok parametrenin dikkate alınması önerilmektedir. Bununla birlikte duygusal yemenin değerlendirilmesinde yeni ve yaratıcı ölçümlerin geliştirilmesi ve denenmesine ilişkin ihtiyaç söz konusudur.; Emotional eating is defined as eating behaviors that to weaken the effect of negative and uneasy emotions and experiences. Using food to avoid contact with negative emotions is considered a maladaptive coping strategy. Many studies have been focused to determine how this pattern emerges, for whom it poses a risk, and to what extent it is seen, due to factors such as making weight management difficult and causing additional problems as a dysfunctional coping strategy. However, the lack of a commonly accepted assessment measure and a defined criterion score for the detection of emotional eating in the literature has led to using different strategies in the studies. The use of different methods made it difficult to consistently reveal the effect of negative emotions on food consumption. The fact that emotional eating has not been consistently supported by empirical studies has caused doubts about the existence of this case in question and measures to evaluate emotional eating. Therefore, it was aimed in this study to make an examination on the methods used to determine emotional eating. For this purpose the methods used in the literature were introduced, the research results were reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of the methods were discussed against each other. Consequently, it has been understood that each method used to determine emotional eating has different limitations in itself. Because of these limitations, emotional eating evaluations seem to be somewhat open to error. In the evaluation of emotional eating, it is recommended to consider many parameters in each method rather than accepting the validity of a single method. However, there is a need to develop and test new and creative measures in the evaluation of emotional eating. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10255 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10200 Bender-Gestalt II Test: Psychometric Properties with Global Scoring System on a Turkish Standardization Sample Korkmaz, Mediha; Sapmaz Yurtsever, Seda; Kaçar-Başaran, Serve; Demiral, Nagehan; Çabuk, Talip The present study aims to standardize the Bender-Gestalt II Test by exploring its psychometric properties on a Turkish sample between the ages of 4 and 17 years and to obtain its normative values. The standardization sample consisted of 2691 students aged 4.0–17.11 years/months from low, middle, and high socioeconomic statuses, attending preschool, primary, and high school education. The participants were administered the Bender-Gestalt II Test and other tests, including the Gesell Developmental Schedules test, Colored Progressive Matrices Test, Goodenough Draw-a-Man Test, Test of Nonverbal Intelligence, Raven Standard Progressive Matrices Test, and Visual-Aural Digit Span Test-Revised Form, according to their age groups. The results revealed the absolute agreement values of the Copy items to be between.87 and.98. Thereafter, we calculated the test-retest reliability coefficients of the Copy scores to range from.74 to.67 by age groups, while the split-half reliability coefficients for each age group were between.62 and.87. The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested its single-factor structure for all age groups. The Copy scores showed significant correlations and predicted the criterion characteristics, which include general cognitive ability, mental development/fine motor skills, short-term memory, and attention. Overall, the present study confirmed that the Bender-Gestalt II Test is a valid, reliable, and standardized measure to evaluate the visual-motor integration ability of those aged 4.0–17.11 years/months. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10200 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/9830 A Small Price to Pay: National Narcissism Predicts Readiness to Sacrifice In-Group Members to Defend the In-Group's Image Gronfeldt, Bjarki; Cislak, Aleksandra; Sternisko, Anni; Cichocka, Aleksandra; Eker, İrem Collective narcissism is a belief in one's in-group greatness that is underappreciated by others. Across three studies conducted in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we found that collective narcissism, measured with respect to the national group, was related to support of policies that protect the national image at the expense of in-group members' health. In Study 1, British national narcissism was related to opposing cooperation with the European Union (EU) on medical equipment. In Study 2, American national narcissism predicted opposition to COVID-19 testing to downplay the number of cases. In Study 3, American national narcissism was related to support for releasing an untested COVID-19 vaccine, to beat other countries to the punch. These relationships were mediated by concern about the country's reputation. Our studies shed light on collective narcissism as a group-based ego-enhancement strategy in which a strong image of the group is prioritized over members' well-being. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/9830 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/9809 Dispositional Optimism and Well-being in Cancer Patients: The Role of Cancer-Related Self-Efficacy Akıncı, İrem; Akyüz-Yılmaz, Cansu; Bozo, Özlem Optimistic attitudes of cancer patients are shown as an important personal resource for the psychological and physical adjustment to the illness. Coping styles and appraisals were suggested as indirect pathways through which optimism associates with better functioning in patients. The current study aimed to investigate the role of cancer-specific self-efficacy domains (i.e., coping with cancer-related side effects and stress, maintaining activity and independence, seeking and understanding medical information, and affect regulation and seeking social support) in the association between optimism and physical and psychological (i.e., depressive symptoms) well-being of cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 120 patients in Ankara, Turkey. Majority of the participants were female, and about half of them were breast cancer patients. Participants filled a set of self-report questionnaires including Life Orientation Test-Revised, Cancer Behavior Inventory, Multidimensional Quality of Life Scale-Cancer, and Beck Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed separately for physical well-being and depressive symptoms through the bootstrapping method. Of the four self-efficacy domains, maintaining activity and independence accounted for a significant proportion of variance in the optimism-physical well-being and optimism-depressive symptoms relations. Findings highlight the importance of patients' beliefs in their ability to sustain their daily activities for having better physical and psychological well-being during cancer treatment as well as the role of optimism in promoting this particular self-efficacy domain. Interventions are suggested to focus on enhancing cancer patients' self-efficacy in maintaining activity and independence. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/9809 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z