Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi

The suboptimal health status questionnaire: Turkish validity and reliability study

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

The suboptimal health status questionnaire: Turkish validity and reliability study Birgili, Fatma; Bulut Uğurlu, Nezihe; Dincer, Nevin Güler; Yazkan, Güllü Background: Suboptimal health status (SHS), while understood worldwide, is a widespread public health problem and a reversible condition that presents symptoms in the pre-disease process, ranging from optimal health to illness. Therefore, relevant questionnaires need to be developed across diverse populations and cultures to predict and prevent SHS and to inform personalized medical practices. Therefore, this study aims to adapt the Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire to Turkish and evaluate its validity and reliability among Turkish nurses. Methods: Between January and March 2022, 247 nurses were recruited by convenience sampling at Mu & gbreve;la Training and Research Hospital. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis were performed, respectively, to test the construct validity and reliability of the scale. Results: Results indicated excellent reliability (content validity index = 0.78, Cronbach's alpha = 0.95). To investigate the time invariance of the scale, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used, and ICC values were found between 0.64 and 0.89. CFA results, goodness-of-fit measures were found to be within the limits of perfect fit (root mean square residual = 0.048, goodness-of-fitness index = 0.971, adjusted goodness-of-fitness index = 0.965, normalized goodness-of-fitness index = 0.966, relative goodness-of-fitness index = 0.961, and parsimony normalized goodness-of-fitness index = 0.853). Spearman's rho coefficient between the first and second applications was found to be 0.76. The correlations between subscale scores obtained from the first and second applications ranged from 0.62 to 0.88. All correlations were positive and statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Turkish version of the SHSQ-25 scale was found to be a reliable and valid measurement instrument and can be used to measure SHS among Turkish nurses.

Relationships Among Cognitive Distortions, Forgiveness of Others, and Self-Forgiveness in Psychiatric Outpatients with Depressive Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Relationships Among Cognitive Distortions, Forgiveness of Others, and Self-Forgiveness in Psychiatric Outpatients with Depressive Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study Saklamaz, Selin; Akpınar, Havva Background: Depression is associated with cognitive, emotional, and interpersonal difficulties that may influence forgiveness-related processes. This study aimed to examine the relationships among cognitive distortions, forgiveness of others, and self-forgiveness in patients with depression. Methods: This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted with 252 voluntary psychiatric outpatients diagnosed with selected ICD-10 depressive disorders in a single outpatient clinic, excluding individuals with severe depressive episodes and psychotic features. Data were collected using the Descriptive Data Form, the Rye Forgiveness Scale (RFS), the State Self-Forgiveness Scale (SSFS), and the Cognitive Distortions Scale (CDS). Descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analyses, and linear regression analyses were used for data analysis. Results: A weak positive correlation was found between forgiveness of others and self-forgiveness (r = 0.206, p < 0.001), whereas a moderate negative correlation was identified between forgiveness of others and cognitive distortions (r = −0.486, p < 0.001). No statistically significant relationship was found between cognitive distortions and self-forgiveness (p > 0.05). Regression analysis showed that cognitive distortions significantly predicted forgiveness of others. Female participants had significantly higher self-forgiveness scores than males, and primary school graduates had higher cognitive distortion scores than high school and university graduates. Conclusions: The findings suggest that cognitive distortions may be more strongly associated with forgiveness of others than with self-forgiveness in psychiatric outpatients with depressive disorders. Further longitudinal and intervention-based studies are needed to better clarify these relationships.

The Effect of Core Stabilization Exercises on Physical Fitness Parameters in Child Gymnasts: Randomized Controlled Assessor-blind Study

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

The Effect of Core Stabilization Exercises on Physical Fitness Parameters in Child Gymnasts: Randomized Controlled Assessor-blind Study İpek Dongaz, Özge; Bayar, Kılıçhan; Başer, Yaprak Background: The improvement of physical fitness parameters is beneficial for child gymnasts to maximize functionality. Core stability exercises (CSEs) help maintain spinal stabilization during athletic performance. Thus, they contribute to enhancing gymnasts’ performance on various movements and planes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8-week CSEs training on the physical fitness parameters of child gymnasts. Hypothesis: An 8-week CSEs intervention could be beneficial for improving the various physical parameters in child gymnasts. Study Design: Randomized trial. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: Thirty-six child gymnasts (aged 7-12 years) were allocated randomly into a training group (TG) and control group (CG). Participants in the TG received CSEs in addition to the traditional program for 8 weeks. The physical fitness parameters of all participants were assessed twice before and after training. Results: The results showed that all participants’ scores of balance, endurance, sprint, and jumping parameters improved after exercise programs (P < 0.05). The muscle strength and flexibility scores of the TG showed a statistically significant difference compared with the CG (P < 0.05). However, compared with other parameters, there were no significant changes seen in the scores between groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The CSEs training contributed to the improvement of all physical fitness parameters in child gymnasts. Clinical Relevance: The addition of CSEs to traditional training could help improve athletic performance in child gymnasts.

The Effect of Reiki and Aromatherapy on Vital Signs, Oxygen Saturation, and Anxiety Level in Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

The Effect of Reiki and Aromatherapy on Vital Signs, Oxygen Saturation, and Anxiety Level in Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Study Keşer, Esra; Samancıoğlu Bağlama, Sevgin; Sezer, Cem This randomized controlled study aimed to determine the effect of Reiki and aromatherapy on vital signs, oxygen saturation, and anxiety level in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The sample consisted of 100 patients divided into Reiki (n = 34), aromatherapy (n = 33), and control (n = 33) groups. Data were collected 3 times (before, during, and after the procedure) using a descriptive characteristics questionnaire, a follow-up form, and the State Anxiety Subscale. The Reiki group had a mean State Anxiety Subscale score of 53.59 ± 2.98 and 43.94 ± 4.31 before and after the procedure, respectively. The aromatherapy group had a mean State Anxiety Subscale score of 54.03 ± 4.03 and 43.85 ± 3.91 before and after the procedure, respectively. The control group had a mean State Anxiety Subscale score of 38.79 ± 4.68 and 53.30 ± 7.26 before and after the procedure, respectively (P < .05). The results showed that the Reiki and aromatherapy groups had significantly lower State Anxiety Subscale scores than the control group after the procedure, indicating that Reiki and aromatherapy help reduce anxiety levels. There was a significant difference in the mean respiratory rates and oxygen saturation levels between the groups (P < .05). In conclusion, patients who do Reiki or undergo aromatherapy are less likely to experience anxiety before upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.