Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Larvicidal, and Anthelmintic Activity and Phytochemical Screening by HPLC ofCalicotome villosafrom Turkey

Abstract

Phytochemical screening ofCalicotome villosaethanolic extracts in respect of phenolic compounds (HPLC method), antioxidant activity (DPPH and beta-carotene tests), determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and evaluation of cytotoxic (againstArtemia salina), larvicidal (againstCulex pipiensandMusca domestica) and anthelmintic activity (againstTubifex tubifex) have been performed. The flower extract exhibited higher biological activity than the stem extracts in all assays (DPPH, 0.6 mg/mL, IC50, beta-carotene, 75.12 +/- 0.73 %). There was good correlation between the antioxidant activity and total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. The flower extract exhibited significant cytotoxic activity (againstA. salina) with 0.312 mg/mL, LC(50)larvicidal activity (againstCx. pipiens) with 0.330 mg/mL, LC(50)and anthelmintic activity (againstT. tubifex) with 1.32 mg/mL, LC50. HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid was major component in the flower extract. In conclusion,C. villosahas good biological activity for further studies in agriculture, medicine and pesticide industry.