Phenolic profile, antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of four Trametes species: T. bicolor, T. pubescens, T. suaveolens, and T. versicolor

Abstract

Trametes genus is one of the most important medicinal mushroom species in the world. The present study focused on phenolic profile, cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of four Trametes species (T. bicolor, T. pubescens, T. suaveolens and T. versicolor). Phenolic profiles of the mushrooms were characterized by HPLC–DAD. ABTS·+ scavenging, β-carotene-linoleic acid, Cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), DPPH· scavenging, and metal chelating assays were performed to evaluate antioxidant activities of the extracts. Ellman method was used to test butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of the extracts. The most abundant compound was fumaric acid (4.51 ± 0.10 µg/g) in T. bicolor, trans-cinnamic acid (0.49 ± 0.05 µg/g) in T. pubescens, catechin hydrate in T. suaveolens (0.92 ± 0.16 µg/g) and T. versicolor (0.96 ± 0.19 µg/g). T. pubescens acetone extract showed the highest antioxidant activity in CUPRAC (A0.50: 19.26 ± 0.21 µg/mL), ABTS·+ (IC50: 3.55 ± 0.16 µg/mL), DPPH· (85.12 ± 0.44%), β-carotene-linoleic acid (IC50: 1.12 ± 0.41 µg/mL) assays. The best metal chelating activity was found in T. versicolor hexane extract (56.78 ± 0.63%). It was determined that T. pubescens hexane extract (IC50: 7.37 ± 0.55, 15.24 ± 0.98 µg/mL, respectively) showed higher AChE and BChE inhibitory activities. The results of this study support the potential use of Trametes species to design new functional drug formulations.